Offstone JANUARY 2024 EDITION

iii OFFSTONE BULLETIN EDITORIAL BOARD Chief Editor Dr. Siti Suriani Othman Managing Editor Dr. Eizan Azira Mat Sharif Bahasa Melayu Editor Dr. Rosninawati Hussin Muhammad Zaki Mustafa Dr. Kartini Kamaruzzaman English Language Editor Associate Professor Dr. Osama Kanaker Dr. Rosidayu Sabran Dr. Safiyyah Ahmad Sabri Dr. Ihab Ahmed Awais Arabic Language Editor Dr. Wesam A.M. Almahallawi Designer Al Imran Azmi