The Muamalat Newsletter Vol.1 2023

FEM Newsletter | June 2023 18 Introduction Halal means things that is permittedor lawful by theShariah Law. Halal foods and services means foods and services that complied with Islamic Law. The term of halal not only for food and drink but cover on food premises, slaughterhouse, pharmaceutical, consumer goods and cosmetics (SIRIM, 2015). Thetermofhalaldistinguish the products that unlawful. The concept of halal extends beyond just food to include handling, packing, storing, and delivery. In other words, food would not be regarded as halal if it is not handled or stored properly (Shah Alam, S and Mohamed Sayuti, N, 2011). Islam strong emphasis on cleanliness in all aspects of daily life. Halal supply chain refers to transporters, containers, warehouse and distribution centers, wholesalers and retailers. Halal supply chain is now global attention. Halal supply chain not limit to food industry only but other sectors like cosmetics, pharmaceutical, health care products and others. Halal integrity of the halal products need to know and understand for all industry practitioners, academicians and researchers from institutions of higher learning. Warehousing, sourcing, transport, handling, inventory management and delivery of halal products are the activities in the halal supply chain (Ngah & Zainuddin, 2012). Halal supply chain management refers to the all process that involved include documentation comply with Shariah Law (Bahrudin, Illyas & Desa, 2011). Halal supply chain comes fromconventional supply chain but add-on with Shariah Law requirements. It means everything must be halal and also toyyib along the process involved (Omar, Jaafar & Osman, 2012). Toyyib refers to clean and hygiene (MS2400, 2010). MS2400 is world halal supply chain management standards that origin from Malaysia. Malaysia also pioneering in development of halal policies, halal certification system and halal audit (JAKIM, 2012). Sharia Compliance in Halal Supply Chain Sharia compliance means everything that will be managed in accordance to the Sharia principles and procedures, which are consistent with the principles of Islamic laws. Halal practises integrity (HPI) in the supply chain refers to a way of ensuring that the individuals, procedures, and resources that deliver the integrity of halal products are Sharia-compliant across the supply chain. The halal supply chain requires mutual integrity and the cooperation of all actors involved (Tieman, 2011). One of it is food integrity. The aim of food integrity to ensure the food is safe, quality of food production that has been sourced and distributed are being honest to customers (Elliot, 2014). Main factors that need to consider in food integrity which are raw material, service and information integrity. The rawmaterial focused on manufacturing integrity include the integrity of the facilities, management systems and processes. Service focused on integrity how the food served to the customers. Information integrity related to transparency of communication between the customers and producers. In determining halal food integrity, the following conditions shall be conformed to during halal food production (Sumali, 2006): • The food or the ingredients shall not contain any parts or products of animals that are non-halal to Muslims by Islamic law, or products of animals which are not slaughtered in accordance with the Islamic law. • The food does not contain any ingredients that are Najis (ritually unclean) as per Islamic law; the food is safe and not harmful, and clean. • The food is not prepared, processedormanufactured using equipment that is contaminated with things that are Najis as per Islamic law. • The food or its ingredients do not contain any human parts or its derivatives that are not permitted by Islamic law. • During preparation, processing, packaging, storage or transportation, the food is physically Halal Supply Chain Authors: Amir Hakimi Che Samsol Adibah Shafawati Shaharuddin